Kernel Debugger Begone: Microsoft Emits Update For DTrace On Windows 10
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How to Use DTrace on Windows 10 Without a Kernel Debugger
DTrace is a powerful tool for dynamic tracing of system and application behavior on Windows 10. It allows you to observe and analyze the performance, reliability, and security of your system in real time. However, until recently, using DTrace on Windows 10 required a kernel debugger to be attached to the system, which could be cumbersome and risky.
Fortunately, Microsoft has released an update for DTrace on Windows 10 that eliminates the need for a kernel debugger. The update enables DTrace to use the Windows Event Tracing (ETW) infrastructure instead of the kernel debugger interface. This means that you can use DTrace on Windows 10 without any special configuration or hardware requirements.
In this article, we will show you how to install and use the updated DTrace on Windows 10. We will also demonstrate some examples of DTrace scripts that you can use to monitor and troubleshoot your system.
Installing DTrace on Windows 10
To install DTrace on Windows 10, you need to have the Windows 10 October 2020 Update (version 20H2) or later installed on your system. You also need to enable the optional feature "Windows Developer Mode" from the Settings app.
Once you have enabled the developer mode, you can download and install the latest version of DTrace from the DTrace on Windows GitHub repository. The installation package includes the DTrace command-line tool (dtrace.exe), the DTrace library (dtrace.dll), and some sample D scripts.
After installing DTrace, you need to reboot your system for the changes to take effect.
Using DTrace on Windows 10
To use DTrace on Windows 10, you need to open an elevated command prompt and run the dtrace.exe tool with the appropriate options and arguments. The general syntax of the dtrace command is:
dtrace [options] [-s script] [-c cmd | -p pid | -n probe | -l]
The options control various aspects of DTrace behavior, such as output format, verbosity level, buffer size, etc. The arguments specify what to trace, such as a script file (-s), a command (-c), a process ID (-p), a probe name (-n), or a list of available probes (-l).
For example, to run a D script called hello.d that prints "Hello World" every second, you can use the following command:
dtrace -s hello.d
To trace the system calls made by a process with ID 1234, you can use the following command:
dtrace -n syscall:::entry'/pid == 1234/'
To list all the probes that are available on your system, you can use the following command:
dtrace -l
You can also write your own D scripts using the D language syntax and semantics. The D language is a C-like language that supports variables, expressions, operators, functions, macros, aggregations, predicates, actions, etc. You can find more information about the D language in the Solaris Dynamic Tracing Guide.
Examples of DTrace Scripts on Windows 10
Here are some examples of DTrace scripts that you can use to monitor and troubleshoot your system on Windows 10:
CPU Usage by Process
This script measures the CPU usage by process and prints a summary every 5 seconds:
#!/usr/sbin/dtrace -s
#pragma D option quiet
profile:::profile-997hz
/pid/
{
@cpu[pid, execname] = count();
}
tick-5sec
{
printa("%-6d %-15s %@d\n", @cpu);
trunc(@cpu);
}
Disk I/O by Process
This script measures the disk I/O bytes by process and prints a summary every 5 seconds: aa16f39245